No effects of ozonated autohemotherapy on inflammation response in hemodialyzed patients
Tylicki L, Biedunkiewicz B, Rachon D, et al. Mediators of Inflammation, 2004.
- Study type
- Controlled trial (non-randomized)
- People studied
- 12 people
- Population
- Chronically hemodialyzed patients with peripheral arterial disease
- Published
- 2004, Mediators of Inflammation
- Identifiers
- PMID 15770057, DOI 10.1080/09629350400014131
What the authors reported
In a controlled, single-blind, cross-over study of 12 hemodialysis patients, nine sessions of ozonated autohemotherapy produced no significant change in plasma C-reactive protein or interleukin-6 compared with nine sham (oxygen-only) autohemotherapy sessions.
What limits this result
Small sample of 12 patients in a single crossover study; a null result for these two inflammatory markers does not rule out other biological effects of ozone.
How ozone acts on blood and cells, how blood filters work, the laboratory and device-development studies behind the EBOO circuit, and studies that measure markers in the blood rather than how patients fare. None of these shows whether EBO2 helps patients. One study rarely settles a medical question; our guides weigh each paper against the rest of the evidence.
How the study was done
- Design
- Controlled, single-blind, cross-over study
- Setting
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
- Read from
- Read from the full text of the paper. Read on September 28, 2026.
Source: Abstract on PubMed
Study arms
| Group | Participants | What they received |
|---|---|---|
| Control: oxygen-only autohemotherapy | 12 | Nine sessions of autohemotherapy with blood exposure to oxygen, given first |
| Ozonated autohemotherapy | 12 | Nine sessions of ozonated autohemotherapy with an ozone concentration of 50 microg/ml, given after the control sessions (same patients) |
Source: Abstract on PubMed
Procedure as reported
- Ozone concentration
- 50 microg/ml
nine sessions of ozonated autohemotherapy with an ozone concentration of 50 microg/ml
- Blood volume
- 250 ml of the patients' blood per ozonated session
During O3-AHT sessions, 250 ml of the patients’ blood was exposed ex vivo to an oxygen /ozone mixture
- Sessions
- Nine control sessions (oxygen only) followed by nine sessions of ozonated autohemotherapy (O3-AHT)
At the beginning subjects received nine sessions of autohemotherapy with blood exposure to medical oxygen (AHT) as a control, followed by nine sessions of O3-AHT.
In the paper's own units, not converted.
Sources: Abstract on PubMed, Full text on Europe PMC, Full text on PubMed Central
What it measured
- C-reactive protein
- No statistical difference: baseline 1.53 +/- 1.01 mg/l; after nine control sessions 1.48 +/- 0.96 mg/l; after nine ozonated sessions 1.55 +/- 0.84 mg/l
- Interleukin-6 serum concentration
- No statistical difference: baseline 438 +/- 118 pg/ml; after nine control sessions 444 +/- 120 pg/ml; after nine ozonated sessions 466 +/- 152 pg/ml
- CRP serum level against the normal range
- In the normal range throughout the study in all patients
- Completion of the protocol
- All 12 patients who entered the study completed the protocol
Sources: Abstract on PubMed, Full text on Europe PMC, Full text on PubMed Central
Safety as reported
No patient demonstrated symptoms of acute infectious disease during the study
Source: Full text on Europe PMC
Where we cite this study
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How Many EBO2 (EBOO) Sessions Do You Need? What Clinics Recommend and What Studies Used
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