Effects of ozonated autohemotherapy on the antioxidant capacity of Thoroughbred horses
Tsuzuki N, Endo Y, Kikkawa L, et al. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2016.
- Study type
- Animal study
- Animals studied
- 10 animals
- Population
- Ten gelding Thoroughbred horses (non-race horses)
- Published
- 2016, Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
- Identifiers
- PMID 26166812, DOI 10.1292/jvms.15-0225
What the authors reported
In 10 non-race Thoroughbred geldings, each used as its own control, ozonated autohemotherapy was followed by a higher biological antioxidant potential at 3 and 7 days and a lower oxidative stress index; the reactive-oxygen-metabolite marker did not differ, and the antioxidant change was no longer measurable at 14 days.
What limits this result
Animal study in ten horses, not humans; each horse served as its own control; measures blood antioxidant markers rather than any disease outcome, and does not test EBO2's continuous-filtration circuit.
How ozone acts on blood and cells, how blood filters work, the laboratory and device-development studies behind the EBOO circuit, and studies that measure markers in the blood rather than how patients fare. None of these shows whether EBO2 helps patients. One study rarely settles a medical question; our guides weigh each paper against the rest of the evidence.
How the study was done
- Design
- The same horses were used as controls and for treatment
- Setting
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan (author affiliation)
- Read from
- Read from the full text of the paper. Read on September 28, 2026.
Study arms
| Group | Participants | What they received |
|---|---|---|
| Ten gelding Thoroughbred non-race horses | 10 | Ozonated autohemotherapy (OAHT); the same horses were used as controls |
Source: Full text on PubMed Central
Procedure as reported
- Ozone concentration
- 25 µg/ml
The ozone gas was adjusted to make the ozone concentration 25 µ g/m l.
- Blood volume
- 400 ml of blood
- Sessions
- Conducted on each horse on 8/20/2014
- Blood flow
- 3.2 ml/kg/hr (re-infusion rate)
we slowly reinfused the ozonated blood back into the horse (3.2 m l/kg/hr)
- Anticoagulant
- 50 ml of sodium acid citrate (Citramin)
50 m l of sodium acid citrate (Citramin, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, Osaka, Japan)
In the paper's own units, not converted.
Sources: Full text on Europe PMC, Full text on PubMed Central
What it measured
- Biological antioxidant potential (BAP), OAHT versus control
- Higher in the OAHT group at 3 days (P<0.01) and 7 days (P<0.05) than in the control group at the same times
The OAHT group had a higher BAP at 3 ( P <0.01) and 7 days ( P <0.05) after OAHT than the control group at 3 and 7 days after starting collection of blood samples.
- BAP within the OAHT group
- Began to increase 2 days after OAHT; the value at 3 days was significantly higher than the pre, 1-day and 14-day values
- Diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs)
- No significant difference between the control and OAHT groups at any time point
- Oxidative stress index (OSI)
- Significantly lower in the OAHT group at 3 days (P<0.05) and 7 days (P<0.01) than in the control group at the same times
The OAHT group had a significantly lower OSI at 3 ( P <0.05) and 7 days ( P <0.01) after OAHT than the control group at 3 and 7 days after starting collection of blood samples.
- Duration of the antioxidant improvement
- Observed until 7 days after treatment; no longer measurable at 14 days after treatment
Source: Full text on PubMed Central
Safety as reported
No abnormal complete blood counts, biochemical tests or clinical signs were observed during the study period
Source: Full text on PubMed Central
Follow-up
Blood sampled before OAHT and on 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after OAHTWe collected blood samples before the OAHT (pre) and on 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after the OAHT (post).
Source: Full text on PubMed Central
Where we cite this study
Does EBO2 (EBOO) Work? The Evidence, Study by Study
Every study in our EBO2 (EBOO) library in one place: design, size, what was measured and found, its limits, and a check for any study a clinic cites.